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Vládna pomoc na stabilizáciu bankového sektoru: prípadová štúdia USA a Írsko.
Bohňová, Eva
The aim of the diploma thesis is to evaluate the system of state interventions in the banking sector in Ireland and the USA during the financial crisis. Individual countries have received rescue measures, including deposit guarantees, recapitalization or asset relief measures. In the EU and the US, the measures were implemented in a different form. In the case of USA, a rescue mechanism was provided at the federal level. In the EU, state aid was provided at country level and each country was responsible for its banking system. In the thesis, both rescue systems will be subjected to a comparative analysis. In the second part of thesis will be introduced a created banking union at European level. Then, identical and distinct features of the creating European system with the existing US system will be identified.
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Financial crisis and state aid to financial institutions in Belgium, France and Germany in years 2008-2014
Skřečková, Monika ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Lukášová, Tereza (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of impact of the financial crisis on the banking sector with regard to the development of public debt. The goal of the analysis is to evaluate the impact of state aid to financial institutions in Belgium, France and Germany in years 2008-2014 and verify or disprove the hypothesis that the instruments used by the state aid were used effectively and substantially to prevent deepening a public debt. Evaluation of the impact on public debt concludes that the aid can not be considered effective in cases of France and Belgium. Although the hypothesis has been confirmed in the case of Germany, which is the only one among the examined countries where the state aid tends to depress a government debt. The thesis provides a comprehensive summary of the evolution of the financial crisis in the aforementioned EU countries and can serve as a contribution to the debate about the role of governments in financial crisis management.
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State assistance to victims of violent crime in selected countries: Study 5.028
Tetourová, Eva
Pomoc obětem trestných činů od státu vychází z principu ochrany práv a oprávněných zájmů osob, které se staly oběťmi trestného činu a v souvislosti s ním utrpěly újmu. Tato pomoc předpokládá vytvoření systému, na základě kterého by stát za splnění určitých podmínek kompenzoval škodu, která těmto osobám vznikla. Ve většině států má však tato pomoc spíše subsidiární charakter. V prvé řadě by to tedy měl být pachatel trestného činu, kdo nahradí oběti vzniklou škodu a poskytne oběti určitou kompenzaci za to, co jí způsobil. V řadě případů však náhrada škody od pachatele není možná a na jeho místo tak nastupuje stát.
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Measures used to support financial sector under European Economic Recovery Plan
Pochman, Jiří ; Dobrovolný, Marek (advisor) ; Jablonský, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with measures used by governments of EU member states to support their financial sectors in 2008 -- 2010. Firstly, the thesis examines reasons for the development of European bank crisis and theoretically describes main types of measures, which can be used to support financial institutions and so to solve bank or financial crisis. Secondly, the further part of the thesis deals with more detailed description of the measures used in EU and rules of European Comission related to conditions of their application. Final chapter contains the analysis of the measures used by EU member states with main focus on Ireland.
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State aid to financial sector during financial crisis of 2008-2009 in USA and EU
Adamec, Michal ; Jílek, Josef (advisor) ; Jazic, Viktorija (referee)
Diploma thesis analyses state aid to financial sector provided by central banks and governments in USA and EU during recent financial crisis. In the deepest stage of the crisis central banks provided great amounts of liquidity in order to keep financial institutions afloat. Then, governments provided guarantees for debts which hepled financial institutions to finance themselves at lower costs. Capital injections and asset guarantees were also provided. In aggregate, the government measures had impact on reducing risk premiums but did not support stock prices. BoE and Fed implemented quantitative easing. Its only impact was decrease of yields of government bonds. All measures failed to restore robust growth of credit to real economy. There is a strong effect of the crisis and provided mesures on the increase of government debts.
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The protection of the economic competition and the role of providing of state aid to enterprises
Paneš, Patrik ; Zemplinerová, Alena (advisor) ; Urban, Luděk (referee) ; Benáček, Vladimír (referee)
State aid is the government intervention, which affects the economic competition because of the preference of certain market subjects. The European Union has concluded that if there exists any violation of competition in the international scale, it would be the reason for constitution of supranational regulation of its providing. The economic policy of subsidizing of chosen market subjects could be in principle taken into account as the subset of the industrial economic policy. Through it, the governments fulfill their miscellaneous structural intentions, from aborning industries helping till the declining industries saving. However, this type of the economic policy seems to be contrary to the protection of the economic competition, which has been declared as the one of key segments of the economic policy of the European Union. Selective privileges constitute anti-competition policy, so thus has been their control incorporated within the policy of the protection of competition. During the reviewing of the legality of provided state aid, we could see that the authorities prefer simpler, just legal review of the problem instead of the deeper economic testing of the given case. And that is the reason (together with the high recency of the theme), why this dissertation aims the generally neglected, economical aspect of the problem. I.a. it concentrates itself on the sight from the perspective of the Public Choice economic theory, which studies the interrelationship between the worlds of politics and economics. This important relation could not be marginalized and during the research work abstracted. Logical structure of exposed dissertation follows: first ordinary chapter focuses on the theoretical concepts of the state aids. It regards chosen questions from the point of view of different streams of the economic thoughts. It devotes itself especially to the effects of the state aids on the economy from the light of macroeconomics, microeconomics and international economics. It contains also conclusions of some empirical analyses. Next chapter focuses on the legal environment of the branch of subsidizing. Primary it contains communitary regulations of the European Union, secondary the list of legislation relevant for the Czech Republic and within the World Trade Organization, which has constituted unique system of countervailing measures. Next part of the dissertation maps different possibilities of measurement of the extent of granted state aids. With the stipulation of calculation difficulty and resulting lower ability of comparability, it uses subsequently four sources of data. One part of the dissertation is especially devoted to the analytical statistical system of the European Union, which is called the Scoreboard. First, there is characterized its methodology, and further, there is -- with the use of this database -- analyzed the structure of state aid granting within the area of the European Union. Its development is compared with the aim of the Lisbon strategy from the year of 2000. Last ordinary chapter represents the attempt -- on the base of the enterprise data -- to elementary research of the existence of the link between state aid and final market. Analysis could be characterized as the contribution to the -- yet more likely occasionally -- research of the effects of subsidizing within the context of competitiveness of target industry. Tested hypotheses are: larger industries receive more subsidies and industries receiving subsidies do not improve their competitiveness. For the case study has been the combination of four data sources used. The goal of this dissertation is the description of the questions of state aid provision from the highest possible number of different points of view, of course with the accent on the economics and with the stipulation of constraint of (un)availability of relevant data. In the end of the dissertation there are submitted some practical economic policy suggestions. During its elaboration there was wide variety of specialized literature used and great number of relevant thought and data sources processed, after all as the enclosed list at the very end of this thesis could show. The value added of exposed dissertation and its contribution to the existing research of chosen theme is namely the complexity of analysis, the compilation of previously developed knowledge, and also empirical findings.
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